Once one cell overheats, you get a domino effect called “thermal runaway.” For batteries with hundreds of cells-like those in the Tesla Model S-thermal runaway has the potential to be a really big problem.Įven though examining why battery sometimes fail paints a frightening picture, lithium-ion batteries are a safe and mature technology. Thermal Runaway and Multiple Cells: While not relevant to single cell batteries like those found in most smartphones (the iPhone X actually has two cells), only one battery cell needs to fail for the whole battery to go.While very rare, if these safety precautions fail, overcharging is a good way to overheat a battery. Lithium-ion batteries do have built in protections to stop them overcharging. That’s why we recommend using only official chargers (or at the very least, high quality third party ones from reputable brands). If the charger shorts or generates heat near the battery, it can do enough damage to cause failure. Charger Problems: A badly made or poorly insulated charger can also damage a lithium-ion battery.RELATED: What to Do When Your Phone or Laptop Has a Swollen Battery If you pierce the battery (either by accident or deliberately), then you’ll almost certainly cause a short circuit. If you drop your phone too hard (or too many times), there’s a chance you’ll damage the separator and cause the electrodes to touch. Other external factor can cause a lithium-ion battery to fail, too. Batteries left too close to a heat source-or caught in a fire-have been known to explode. External Factors: Extreme heat is nearly guaranteed to cause a failure.In some models, when the battery expanded a little as it charged, the electrodes bent and caused a short circuit. Even a well designed battery can fail if quality control isn’t kept tight enough or there’s some defect in manufacturing. In that case, there wasn’t enough space for the electrodes and separator in the battery. Bad Design or Manufacturing Defects: The battery is poorly designed, as with the Galaxy Note 7.There are a number of reasons that the separator can fail:
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